Monday 1 December 2014

Todorov's Narrative Theory

Todorov’s theory of narrative states that all narrative plots follow the same basic pattern:
  1. State of equilibrium
  2. Disruption to that equilibrium
  3. Recognition that disorder has occurred
  4. Attempt (or attempts) to resolve the situation
  5. Return to equilibrium or establishment of a NEW equilibrium

Example 1:

Flight Plan, Directed by Robert Schwentke









1. After the death of her husband, a woman and her daughter are flying home from Berlin.
2. A while after boarding the plane they both fall asleep and during this sleep her daughter completely disappears.
3. The mother wakes up to find that her daughter has gone. Thinking she has just wandered off somewhere, she is not too concerned. After all, she couldn't have gone far on a plane at 37,000 feet.





4. The mother becomes more and more distressed when none of the staff seem to remember her daughter ever being on the plane, and records show that this is true. This causes her to create disruption of the plane, fighting the staff and attempting to hunt for her child herself.
5. The mother finds her daughter and discovers who took her. The plane is then blown up by this man, however many people survive. The staff apologise to the mother and she finally goes home with her daughter.

Example 2:

Shutter Island, Directed by Martin Scorsese 






1. In 1954 Teddy Daniels and Chuck Aule, U.S Marshals, are called to investigate the disappearance of a patient called Rachel Solando from Ashecliffe Hospital for the criminally insane.


2. Mysterious things keep occurring during the investigation, like the men being told they are not allowed to search in certain areas of the site and are unable to see particular records. Also, when Teddy interrogated one of the other patients, she writes 'RUN' in his notebook.
3. Teddy begins to see that this is not a simple investigation and realises that the information is being held back by the lead psychiatrist, Dr. John Cawley, for a reason.


4. Because of this, Teddy decides to go against the rules set by Ashcliffe and investigate where he believes is necessary, breaking into Ward C. He talks to a patient in solitary confinement who tells him that Ashecliffe have been performing experiments of lobotomy on patients in the lighthouse. He also warns Teddy that everybody, including Chuck, is playing a game designed for him.


Teddy heads towards the lighthouse in an attempt to discover the truth but finds a woman in a cave on his journey across the cliffs. She says that she is the real Rachel Solando and that she was a psychiatrist at Ashecliffe before she found out about the experimentation and mind control techniques. She attempted to report this but she was locked away as a patient so she wouldn't share the secret.


5. Teddy continues on to the lighthouse to find Dr. Cawley at the top, waiting for him. He explains to Teddy that this was all devised to break him out of his delusion of being a U.S Marshal and that he is in fact Andrew Laeddis, a patient at Ashecliffe who killed his wife Dolores after she drowned their children (Edward Daniels and Rachel Solando being anagrams of Andrew Laeddis and Dolores Chanal). Chuck, who is actually Dr. Sheehan is later on sat with Teddy/Andrew. Teddy/Andrew calls the Doctor Chuck showing that he still believes in his made up world. As he is being taken away to be lobotomised, Teddy/Andrew says to Dr. Cawley " Which would be worse? To live as a monster, or to die as a good man?".


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